Chap 1 by Ella Binder
1. What´s the difference between prescriptive and descriptive grammar? 2. Chomsky distinguishes between competence and performance. Which one does his linguistics deal with? 3. Where do we find communicative competence and what does it mean? 4. Does sociolinguistics deal with just one particular methodology? Explain, please. 5. What does the Whorfian hypothesis say about the relationship between society and language? 6. Does sociolinguistics use grammatical judgements and why? 7. In what context is the power of language mentioned? 8. You perceive only what your language allows you to perceive. Who said that? Explain, please. |
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Terminology from this chapter that you should have a good grasp of for our discussions:
society
language code grammar prescriptive descriptive competence performance quantitative |
grammatical judgments
communicative competence variants linguistic variation identity power solidarity culture qualitative |
age-grading
worldview Whorfian hypothesis register variationist sociolinguistics micro-sociolinguistics sociology of language (macro-sociolinguistics) |
linguistic anthropology
critical sociolinguistics correlational studies microlinguistic studies discourse analysis macrolinguistic studies critical analysis observer’s paradox |
Chap 2 by Svatava Nigutova
1. Think about your normal day – what kind of language varieties (within the same language) do you meet in your interaction during this day? Describe the different varieties using the terminology and classification discussed in the video. 2. Where did standard language in your home country originate? What criteria can appear when a society/nation chooses a variety as its standard language? When were the following works in your native language published for the first time: the first grammar book, the first dictionary, the first work of literature? Have you learned these dates at elementary school? Why does the society think these dates are important? 3. What dialect do you and your parents speak? What status does this dialect has in your country? How far is the nearest border with another country? Can you understand some words from this country’s language or the dialect that is spoken on the other side of the border? Can you say if your dialect and the nearest dialect on the other side of the border are mutually intelligible dialects of the same language? |
4. Have you ever experienced some feelings of having more power or being powerless in relation to what language you were using? What kind of emotions do you recall and what did you think of your counterpart’s variety - standard or other regional/social/ethnic/stylistic varieties?
5. How would you classify “Rinkebysvenska” using the terms from the video? Listen to the following song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZ4rcpktB30 - what connotations are you aware of while listening to this song? What are the similarities and differences between Rinkebysvenska and AAVE? |
Terminology from this chapter that you should have a good grasp of for our discussions:
variety
vernacular language dialect standard language ideology mutual intelligibility dialect continuum standardization regional dialects |
dialect geography
variable isogloss dialect boundary accent style register genre |
Received Pronunciation
Standard American English social group social class social dialectology ethnic dialect r-lessness /ai/ monophthongization verbal -s marking |
zero copula
habitual be Anglicist hypothesis creole origin divergence hypothesis multiple negation regularization Latino English |
Chap 3 by Sara Hayward
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Terminology from this chapter that you should have a good grasp of for our discussions:
speech community
stereotype essentialism norms community of practice |
social networks
dense (social network) loose (social network) multiplex (social network) social identities |
crossing
language ideologies hegemonic ideologies perceptual dialectology |
Chap 4 by Mehkar Sheikh
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Terminology from this chapter that you should have a good grasp of for our discussions:
language shift
language maintenance ethnolinguistic vitality multilingual, multilingualism contact languages multilingual discourse linguistic landscapes |
matched guise
monoglossic ideology pluralist ideology diglossia domains situational code-switching metaphorical code-switching |
accommodation
convergence divergence audience design unmarked choice social construction of identity crossing CRAAVE |
Chap 5
1. How does the UNESCO define Lingua Franca? What languages were used as lingua franca in former times? 2. What are the main issues of the connections between creole/pidgin and 2nd Language acquisition? 3. What term does Winford suggest instead of “Pidginization” and “Creolization”? Why doesn’t he like these terms? 4. What is the Afrogenesis Hypothesis and who invented it? 5. Where are the pidgins and creoles distributed? Where are they not spread? 6. What is the linguistic character of the pidgin and creole language concerning phonology? 7. What is the linguistic character of the pidgin and creole language concerning morphosyntax? |
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Terminology from this chapter that you should have a good grasp of for our discussions:
lingua franca
superstrate substrate lexifier language life cycle model language bioprogram hypothesis gradualist model pidgin interlanguage creole |
P/C language
pidgin formation creole formation linguistic universals substratist relexification Afrogenesis hypothesis periphrastic constructions reduplication |
creole continuum
decreolization acrolect mesolect basilect mixed language |